Category: Why Metaphysics Did Not Disappear

“In My Life,” written primarily by John Lennon and released on Rubber Soul by The Beatles, is a small song that behaves like a visitation. Not an apocalypse. Not Sinai. Not thunder. Something briefer. Almost embarrassed by its own clarity. Which is perhaps why the question presses: why does God manifest so briefly? If divinity…

4 If “Tomorrow Never Knows” dissolves the self into cosmic suspension, “Eleanor Rigby” anchors it to the ground. It does not float. It falls. And in that fall, it establishes a gravity that popular music had rarely dared to sustain. Released on Revolver and written primarily by Paul McCartney, “Eleanor Rigby” represents an astonishing pivot…

In 1966, at the close of Revolver, The Beatles placed a song that did not close an album so much as open a threshold. “Tomorrow Never Knows,” written primarily by John Lennon and shaped in the studio under the direction of George Martin, does not function like a pop composition. It behaves like an event.…

The history of evil in Western thought is not the story of a superstition that modernity outgrew, but of a profound metaphysical relocation. What changes from antiquity through the Middle Ages into modernity is not the intensity of evil but its location, its grammar, and its visibility. Evil shifts from cosmic ambiguity to personal adversary,…

Postwar Consciousness, Metaphysical Disillusionment, and the Structure of Modern Suffering The differences between postwar Europe and postwar America are often described in political, economic, or institutional terms. Europe is said to be regulatory, cautious, and bureaucratic; America is described as dynamic, expansionary, and growth-driven. Such descriptions, while empirically accurate, remain superficial if they are not…

A historical bridge for speaking about “spirits” in the language of modernity—without reducing them to metaphors Modernity’s reflex is to translate spirit into “hallucination,” “projection,” or “symbol,” and then congratulate itself for maturity. But that move is less enlightenment than evasion. It tries to solve the problem of agency by denying agency. What we actually…

Modernity’s reflex response to experiences traditionally described as encounters with spirits is to dissolve them into metaphor. Spirits, we are told, are merely hallucinations, projections, or symbolic representations of unconscious material. This move appears sophisticated, but it fails both historically and clinically. It explains nothing about the autonomy of such experiences, nothing about their coercive…

Translating Possession into the Language of Modernity Modernity prides itself on having abolished spirits. Drugs, we are told, do not summon daemons; they merely alter neurochemistry. Visions are hallucinations, voices are symptoms, agency dissolves into mechanism. And yet the lived experience of intoxication—especially in its extreme or chronic forms—stubbornly refuses this demystification. Users do not…

Subjugation, Endurance, and Modern Pathology To ask whether women are “closer” to modern suffering is not to appeal to mysticism, biological essentialism, or romantic claims about feminine wisdom. It is to pose a historical question that modern thought has rarely been able to ask without distortion: who has been required to live without metaphysical consolation…

Millennial Subjugation, Sexual Violence, and the Formation of Modern Female Consciousness For most of Western history, women have not merely suffered injustice; they have been metaphysically diminished. Their inferiority was not explained as social contingency or historical error, but as necessity. Philosophy, theology, and law converged to locate women lower in the order of being—closer to…

by Brenton L. Delp Our project has argued that modern addiction is not merely a medical contingency but a historically intelligible answer to a specific spiritual condition: the completion of transcendence and the relocation of “the Absolute” into operational systems (technique, administration, pharmacology, optimization). In that condition, obligation remains, but its traditional guarantees do not.…

A likely objection to the present framework concerns its apparent historical exclusivity: namely, whether the psychic structure here designated Born Man admits of premodern or non-modern analogues, thereby undermining its claim to modern specificity. Traditions such as Stoicism, late antique inwardness, Indian non-dualism, Buddhist reflexivity, Greek tragedy, or medieval mysticism may appear, at first glance,…